{"id":48254,"date":"2022-09-13T01:00:30","date_gmt":"2022-09-13T08:00:30","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/civileats.com\/?p=48254"},"modified":"2022-11-24T12:35:10","modified_gmt":"2022-11-24T20:35:10","slug":"hydroponics-help-urban-schools-grow-food-year-round","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/civileats.com\/2022\/09\/13\/hydroponics-help-urban-schools-grow-food-year-round\/","title":{"rendered":"Hydroponics Help Urban Schools Grow Food Year-Round"},"content":{"rendered":"

This article was produced in partnership with\u00a0Earth Island Journal<\/a>\u00a0for its Built Environment issue.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>

Inside a 4,000-square-foot greenhouse in west Baltimore at the end of June, untended basil plants were falling over and going to seed. School was out, so the farmers\u2014students at public charter school Green Street Academy<\/a>\u2014had abandoned their crops for the summer. <\/p><\/div>

\n

No matter: Right after the July 4th holiday, a group would be back in the space for a five-week entrepreneurship program, during which they\u2019d be trained to tend to the plants and technology and learn business skills. Since hydroponic farms don\u2019t have to adhere to traditional growing seasons and accelerate plant growth, the herbs would get back on track in no time.<\/p>\n

“We have to look at growing food in urban environments. So, how do you leverage and activate underutilized space?”<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

The greenhouse, which was completed last year, is one example of a new wave of middle- and high schools around the country that are embracing hydroponic farming. Advances in technology coupled with steady decreases in price make hydroponics an appealing interdisciplinary teaching tool\u2014as well as a way to produce fresh, healthy food for students in the cafeteria and their broader communities.<\/p>\n

In hydroponics, well-funded startup companies<\/a> growing vegetables at a mind-boggling scale using high-tech sensors and robots tend to get all the attention. Those companies are making bold claims around the superiority of their systems on metrics such as climate impact<\/a> and resilience<\/a>\u2014even as unanswered questions about energy use, impacts on workers and small farms<\/a>, health, and profitability<\/a> linger.<\/p>\n

But hydroponic systems deserve the spotlight for another reason, said J.J. Reidy, the founder and CEO of a real estate design company<\/a> that helped build and raise funds for the Green Street greenhouse. They can be plugged into a long list of places\u2014including food banks<\/a>, low-income housing developments, and schools\u2014where land access and other factors make outdoor farming a challenge. And while the upfront cost is significant, they can produce more food year-round in small spaces, which changes the value calculation. \u201cWe have to look at growing food in urban environments,\u201d he said. \u201cSo, how do you leverage and activate underutilized space?\u201d<\/p>\n

In Michael Jochner\u2019s case, that space is a high school parking lot just south of San Jose, California.<\/p>\n

As the nutrition director for Morgan Hill Unified School District<\/a>, Jochner is in charge of meals for 8,400 students, and he\u2019s focused on maximizing nutrition while minimizing the environmental impact of those meals. He didn\u2019t like that lettuce coming from USDA Foods was sometimes so old it went bad <\/a>before his team could serve it, and he was concerned about agriculture\u2019s impact on the drought-stricken state<\/a>.<\/p>\n<\/div>

\"The<\/a>

Delivering the Morgan Hill Unified School District’s hydroponic Freight Farm. (Photo credit: Michael Jochner)<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>

\n

After a months-long process of convincing the school board to fund the project, in October 2021 he installed his first Freight Farm<\/a> 30 feet away from his production kitchen. The hydroponic vertical farm housed in a shipping container costs about $150,000, and Jochner calculated it would take about 7.5 years to get a return on the investment. It now produces 1,000 heads of lettuce every week, enough to cover 60 to 70 percent of the greens used in the district\u2019s salad bars. It has been such a success that Jochner\u2019s ready to grow more: A second Freight Farm is on its way to him, and he\u2019s applying for a grant to build another 1,500-square-foot hydroponic greenhouse to grow cherry tomatoes and cucumbers.<\/p>\n

According to Freight Farms, a Boston-based startup that has so far raised around $26 million in funding<\/a>, there are 16 K\u201312 schools around the country currently using the company\u2019s technology, in addition to Freight Farm units at several colleges and food pantries.<\/p>\n

\u201cI’m really trying to develop a kind of battle plan for other districts,\u201d Jochner said, especially those in drought-stricken regions and urban environments where resources like water and land are scarce. However, getting teachers to use the farms as a teaching tool, especially amidst disruptions caused by Covid-19, has been a challenge for him. He\u2019s working on that side, but it\u2019s not his focus. \u201cI’m going to find the most high-tech way to grow the most salad bar items,\u201d he said, \u201cand if there are educational benefits, that’s icing on the cake.\u201d<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><\/div>

\"The<\/a>\"The<\/a><\/div>

The Morgan Hill Freight Farm. (Photo credit: Michael Jochner)<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/section><\/div>

\n

In contrast, at Teens for Food Justice (TFFJ),<\/a> a New York City-based nonprofit that installs hydroponic farms in schools primarily in low-income neighborhoods, education is at the core of every project. Many of its farms are built directly into empty classrooms, and students at each school tend the crops with the help of a farm manager. TFFJ also provides curricula that covers STEM skills, health, and food justice.<\/p>\n

Each of TFFJ\u2019s farms produces thousands of pounds of vegetables every year, including spinach, lettuce, and cucumbers, which are used in cafeterias or distributed to students\u2019 families and the surrounding community.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\u201cIt\u2019s designed to be a totally immersive experience for these kids, from how you grow the food to why we need to eat differently to why we need to structure our systems around food production differently,\u201d explained Katherine Soll, TFFJ\u2019s CEO and director. \u201cWe have the ability to empower a group of leaders with an entirely new way of looking at our food system.\u201d<\/p>\n

Of course, Soll said the organization does believe the production at each farm also needs to be high enough to have an impact. Each of TFFJ\u2019s farms produces thousands of pounds of vegetables every year, including spinach, lettuce, and cucumbers, which are used in cafeterias or distributed to students\u2019 families and the surrounding community.<\/p>\n<\/div>

\"Students<\/a>

Students working in Green Street Academy’s hydroponic farm. (Photo credit: Julie Hove Andersen)<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>

\n

TFFJ now has five farms in New York City public schools, and is in the midst of adding three more on the Rockaway Peninsula, long known for its food access<\/a> challenges<\/u>. Another project in lower Manhattan is also being finalized. And in April, TFFJ unveiled its first farm outside of NYC: In collaboration with Denver Public Schools. TFFJ is building its first non-school farm in a Denver community center, as well as several farms being planned in the city\u2019s schools.<\/p>\n

The rise of in-school hydroponics builds off the decades of work by school garden programs, including that of Alice Waters\u2019 Edible Schoolyard and FoodCorps, to build outdoor, soil-based school gardens<\/a> for health and education. And it isn\u2019t always replacing that approach. At Baltimore\u2019s Green Street Academy, the greenhouse grew out of their robust agricultural training program, which includes a small hoop house for growing vegetables, an orchard, and a chicken coop.<\/p>\n

Because hydroponic lettuces grow quickly, and year-round, the greenhouse will allow the school to produce a volume of food it couldn\u2019t have matched with outdoor agriculture. Reidy says at full capacity, the students could grow 30,000 pounds of lettuce and herbs. That means the project can be run as a business, which serves the school\u2019s model as a space for entrepreneurship.<\/p>\n<\/div>

\"Planting<\/a>

Planting greens at Teens for Food Justice. (Photo credit: John Stuart)<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>

\n

Reidy has already purchased produce from the school for two<\/a> restaurants<\/a> he owns inside a Baltimore food hall, and he plans to scale up those purchases as the students grow more. He sees it as a way to provide business and entrepreneurial training, but also to fill gaps in funding, given Baltimore City School\u2019s ongoing financial woes. \u201cWe would love to generate revenue for the school and the kids,\u201d he said.<\/p>\n

It won\u2019t be easy, given that growing food is challenging in any environment, and schools have so many competing priorities. But summer vacation will be over in no time, and the next wave of student farmers will soon get to work on the next generation of basil plants.<\/p>\n

<\/div><\/span>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

This article was produced in partnership with\u00a0Earth Island Journal\u00a0for its Built Environment issue. No matter: Right after the July 4th holiday, a group would be back in the space for a five-week entrepreneurship program, during which they\u2019d be trained to tend to the plants and technology and learn business skills. Since hydroponic farms don\u2019t have […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":740,"featured_media":48336,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[4146,4479,485,3264,3896],"tags":[],"coauthors":[4440],"class_list":["post-48254","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-climate","category-farming","category-food-access","category-nutrition","category-school-food"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nHydroponics Help Urban Schools Grow Food Year-Round | Civil Eats<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"In New York, Maryland, California, and beyond, hydroponic farms are being used as teaching tools while also addressing food access challenges.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" 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