{"id":54654,"date":"2024-01-08T01:00:57","date_gmt":"2024-01-08T09:00:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/civileats.com\/?p=54654"},"modified":"2024-01-08T09:26:16","modified_gmt":"2024-01-08T17:26:16","slug":"the-farmers-leaning-on-each-others-tools","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/civileats.com\/2024\/01\/08\/the-farmers-leaning-on-each-others-tools\/","title":{"rendered":"The Farmers Leaning On Each Other&#8217;s&nbsp;Tools"},"content":{"rendered":"<\/div><div class=\"post-simple post-capital-letter\"><p> For three years, Nathanael Gonzales-Siemens drove up California\u2019s coast for 14 hours every month for a routine task: milling his grain into flour. \u201cI was literally not able to find a flour mill at my scale, and we\u2019re not tiny,\u201d he said. \u201cWe\u2019ve got 150 acres of grain.\u201d He found this disconcerting, not only for himself but the future of small-scale grain farming in California, once known for its golden hills of grain. <\/p><\/div><div class=\"post-simple\">\n<p>As California has lost <a href=\"https:\/\/www.goldenstategrains.com\/california-grains#:~:text=California%20has%20a%20long%20history,%25%20(Olmstead%20%26%20Rhode).\">much of its grain<\/a> to higher value crops, small flour mills and grain cleaning businesses have disappeared, too. It\u2019s a symptom of what Gonzales-Siemens sees as a larger problem facing many farmers, awash in a marketplace dominated by highly concentrated operations as regional farm infrastructure atrophies. This specialized, often professionally operated equipment\u2014and<a href=\"https:\/\/farmdocdaily.illinois.edu\/2023\/07\/benchmarking-crop-machinery-cost-and-investment-2.html\"> all farm equipment<\/a>, for that matter\u2014can be prohibitively challenging for many farmers to buy and maintain.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cThis does not feel like I am living on planet Earth, where humans live,\u201d said Gonzales-Siemens, laughing at the absurdity of the drive north to find a mill.<\/p>\n<div class=\"post-quote\"><p>&#8220;It\u2019s not a novel idea. Farmers have been sharing equipment forever. But it seems like farmers are becoming less and less neighbors of each other.&#8221;<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>He eventually bought a mill from a grain farmer who went out of business, but finding the other equipment necessary for both farming and processing grain was an ongoing struggle.<\/p>\n<p>So, Gonzales-Siemens got to talking with other farmers in the region. He learned nearby grain farmers, Clayton Garland and Melissa Sorongon in Santa Barbara, were in a similar position. In 2019, the trio decided to work together to lift this equipment burden, pooling funds to buy their first combine. Prior to that, they had all either harvested by hand, an intensely laborious process, or hired someone with a combine. Next, they purchased a no-drill seeder together, and it allowed them to plant rows of grain directly into orchards and pastures without tilling, a practice known to benefit the soil.<\/p>\n<p>As word spread, other small-scale farmers joined them, and they became a more formalized collective with a name: California Plowshares.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cIt\u2019s a programmatic way for us to be a little more collaborative and supportive of each other&#8217;s work,\u201d said Gonzales-Siemens. \u201cIt\u2019s not a novel idea. Farmers have been sharing equipment forever. But it seems like farmers are becoming less and less neighbors of each other. Most of my neighbors\u2014the people actually adjacent to me\u2014are corporate entities,\u201d where the farm owner is often absent, and the workers don\u2019t have a say in the equipment.<\/p>\n<p>In this sense, California Plowshares is a return to the kind of rural sharing economies that once arose naturally between farmers in tight-knit communities but have become much less common in recent years. The collective currently consists of around 50 farmers located along California\u2019s southern Central Coast who share equipment that they co-purchase and individually own, often with a rental fee.<\/p>\n<p>The original idea was to form a collective for just grain farmers, given that \u201cgrain farming is so rare that we need all the infrastructural and equipment help we can,\u201d said Gonzales-Siemens. But then it became clear that the collective could benefit a wide range of small-scale farmers.<\/p>\n<p>The collective doesn\u2019t charge a membership fee, but they each contribute in other ways. There\u2019s the \u201csweat equity type of guy,\u201d who jumps in wherever needed. Another farmer with storage for equipment. Others chip in financially when they\u2019re having a good season. There\u2019s a skilled welder who fixes loose parts. As for Gonzales-Siemens, he often helps transport equipment between farms. They tend to lean on each other\u2019s strengths.<\/p>\n<p>In the near future, he hopes to contribute further by building out a local grain processing operation, filling a gap in regional infrastructure. He is now the proud owner of three flour mills, two of which he shares, and the co-owner of a grain cleaner\u2014the building blocks of the processing operation in the works. Long gone are his days of driving up the coast to find a flour mill, and he hopes to spare other farmers from that fate as well.<\/p>\n<h4>Collective Response to Farming\u2019s Steep Costs<\/h4>\n<\/div><div class=\"post-simple post-capital-letter\"><p> Collective approaches to farming, like equipment sharing, often emerge from a stark realization: The current farm business model in the U.S. isn\u2019t working for many small producers. The median farming income in the U.S. was less than zero in 2022: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ers.usda.gov\/topics\/farm-economy\/farm-household-well-being\/farm-household-income-estimates\/\">-$849<\/a>. Meanwhile, the cost of farm production expenses are expected to reach a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.agriculture.senate.gov\/newsroom\/minority-blog\/revisiting-farm-production-expenses\">record high<\/a> in 2023. It\u2019s a balance sheet that isn\u2019t adding up, and equipment is a part of the equation.\u00a0 <\/p><\/div><div class=\"post-simple\">\n<div class=\"post-quote\"><p>&#8220;We thought it was so stupid to have all this steel sitting in the field that we were using just twice a year.&#8221;<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>Next to land, equipment is a farmer\u2019s biggest investment. While farm equipment collectives are still relatively rare in the U.S., they tend to share a similar origin story: Farmers begin informally swapping farm equipment to ease costs, building a sense of trust. Then they realize that sharing tools makes sense and they build a more formal system. This is the story of Tool Legit (yes, named after the MC Hammer song), a farm equipment library in North Carolina.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cIt started off with a couple of buddies. I owned the tiller. Someone owned a bush hog. Someone owned a flail mower. We would just swap them back and forth as needed,\u201d said George O\u2019Neal, a vegetable farmer who started Tool Legit. \u201cWe thought it was so stupid to have all this steel sitting in the field that we were using just twice a year.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>In 2011, they formed an LLC with a rotating president and treasurer, supported by a $27,500 grant from the Rural Advancement Foundation International (RAFI). This helped them buy their first cache of shared equipment: a tiller, a harrow, a manure spreader, a trailer to move equipment between farms, and a log splitter for heating greenhouses with wood. Every year, they pool funds to add to their growing collection of tools.<\/p>\n<p>A decade later, the collective is still thriving. \u201cWe&#8217;re all very community and civically minded, but I feel like that&#8217;s very true for 90 percent of small farmers,\u201d said O\u2019Neal. \u201cWe don\u2019t see each other as competition in any meaningful way. We see <a href=\"https:\/\/civileats.com\/2023\/11\/01\/walmarts-regenerative-foodscape\/\">Walmart<\/a> or shitty food or HelloFresh as competition\u2014not each other.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>O\u2019Neal estimates that he saves about $1,000 every year in equipment upgrade costs. The collective charges an annual membership fee, but aims to keep it low, below $400 per year, so it&#8217;s accessible.<\/p>\n<p>It helps that, like California Plowshares, Tool Legit has low overhead costs; they store the equipment on their farms and use Google Calendar to reserve it. Other equipment-sharing models involve renting space, a system that works for some farming communities but can add to the costs.<\/p>\n<div class=\"post-image-caption align-right\"><a href=\"https:\/\/civileats.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/20240108-farmers-leaning-on-each-others-tools-equipment-list.jpg\" rel=\"lightbox\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/civileats.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/20240108-farmers-leaning-on-each-others-tools-equipment-list.jpg\" alt=\"The list of equipment shared between the farmer members of the Intervale Farmer Equipment Company in Burlington, Vermont.\"><\/a><div class=\"post-caption\"><p>The list of equipment shared between the farmer members of the Intervale Farmer Equipment Company in Burlington, Vermont. <\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<p>One example is the Intervale Farmer Equipment Company, a farmer-owned cooperative in Burlington, Vermont. Hilary Martin, one of the farmers in the cooperative, said the space they rent is their largest expense annually. They spread out the cost through a fee structure based on either the number of acres on which the equipment is used or the number of hours it is in use. It\u2019s an evolving system, said Martin.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cEvery year we have to take a look at [whether] we&#8217;re charging enough,\u201d she added. \u201cWe\u2019ve been well in the black some years, and other years we\u2019re in the red.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>So far, they\u2019ve been able to accommodate seven farms of varying size. They have the advantage of being close neighbors, and all rent land from the Intervale Center, a nonprofit that supports farm viability. The center originally owned the equipment cooperative, then sold the business to the farmers. \u201cWe\u2019re kind of pre-organized to work together,\u201d said Martin.<\/p>\n<p>Still, she wasn\u2019t sure they\u2019d be able to make it work. \u201cI was worried about a tragedy of the commons scenario . . . people would be in a rush, misuse the equipment, and leave problems for everybody else.\u201d Instead, she has been pleasantly surprised by her neighbor\u2019s capacity to look out for each other.<\/p>\n<h4>Environmental and Social Benefits of Equipment Sharing<\/h4>\n<\/div><div class=\"post-simple post-capital-letter\"><p> The range of equipment available in collectives also allows for experimentation, giving the farmers the freedom to test out what works. It also allows them to try out more regenerative practices, which typically require new equipment. <\/p><\/div><div class=\"post-simple\">\n<p>For instance, prior to the formation of California Plowshares, none of the group\u2019s members owned a spreader for mulching, which helps retain moisture in the soil. Once ubiquitous, spreaders have become harder to come by in California\u2019s Central Valley, where many of the corporate farms hire <a href=\"https:\/\/hayesandson.com\/\">private companies<\/a> to deliver and spread mulch. The companies are often booked months in advance. \u201cTo get [your mulch or compost] spread in a timely manner was really quite impossible,\u201d said Gonzales-Siemens.<\/p>\n<div class=\"post-quote\"><p>&#8220;Building efficiencies and healthy movement patterns into your farming business is such an important way to protect yourself and not burn out.&#8221;<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>Everything changed when the collective bought a small-scale spreader from the 1980s, relying on a grant they obtained. Now, the farmers\u2019 soil will be better protected <a href=\"https:\/\/www.hachettebookgroup.com\/storey\/mulch-fight-drought\/\">during dry times of the year<\/a>. Similarly, buying a no-till drill allowed Gonzales-Siemens to expand the use of cover crops in his orchards and further protect the soil.<\/p>\n<p>\u201c[The drill] made a huge difference. It has allowed us to do much more creative things in orchard systems,\u201d said Gonzales-Siemens. It\u2019s also helped him experiment with intercropping, another practice that builds soil health and biodiversity on the farm. And, at $6,000, he wouldn\u2019t have been able to afford one on his own.<\/p>\n<p>Over at Tool Legit, the farmers share similar goals of farming ecologically and productively at a human scale, which lends to knowledge-sharing, too. \u201cIt functions kind of like an informal discussion network,\u201d said O\u2019Neal. \u201cEvery time you go pick something up, there&#8217;s usually a 15- or 20-minute chat, like, \u2018What are y&#8217;all up to today? Oh, that&#8217;s cool. I&#8217;ve never seen that. What is that? What are you growing?&#8217;\u201d<\/p>\n<div class=\"post-image-caption align-right\"><a href=\"https:\/\/civileats.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/20240108-farmers-leaning-on-each-others-tools-demo.jpg\" rel=\"lightbox\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/civileats.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/20240108-farmers-leaning-on-each-others-tools-demo.jpg\" alt=\"Nathanael Gonzales-Siemens demonstrates how to use California Plowshare's no-till drill to grow cover crops in an orchard. (Photo courtesy of Nathanael Gonzales-Siemens)\"><\/a><div class=\"post-caption\"><p>Nathanael Gonzales-Siemens demonstrates how to use California Plowshare&#8217;s no-till drill to grow cover crops in an orchard. (Photo courtesy of Nathanael Gonzales-Siemens)<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<p>They\u2019ll also often advise one another on the best, most efficient ways to use the equipment. For instance, O\u2019Neal said farmers will send the entire group a text, such as, \u201cHey, I offset the potato digger and it can do two rows at once. Has anyone tried this?\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Connecticut farmer Mary Claire Whelan, who helps run a new tool-sharing network with the New CT Farmer Alliance, has also observed the mental health benefits that come from having a supportive network of farmers and access to the right tools and equipment.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cIt\u2019s so emotionally draining to use the wrong tool over and over again,\u201d said Whelan, who works as a farm crew member on a vegetable and flower farm. \u201cBuilding efficiencies and healthy movement patterns into your farming business is such an important way to protect yourself and not burn out.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>She recalls working on a previous farm where she was required to break heads of garlic into individual cloves for planting. \u201cIt\u2019s hard on your thumbs. I would get all these calluses,\u201d she said. Then she learned of a tool that can quickly <a href=\"https:\/\/vegetable-machine.com\/product\/garlic-separating-machine\">split garlic heads<\/a>. It could have finished the task in a few hours, saving days of hard, repetitive labor.<\/p>\n<p>Whelan hopes to one day own her own farm in Connecticut, the state that she notes has some of the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nass.usda.gov\/Publications\/Todays_Reports\/reports\/land0822.pdf\">most expensive<\/a> farmland in the country. She sees building social and resource networks as essential to making it as a first-generation farmer.<\/p>\n<\/div><div class=\"post-image-caption align-center\"><a href=\"https:\/\/civileats.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/20240108-farmers-leaning-on-each-others-tools-winnower.jpg\" rel=\"lightbox\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/civileats.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/20240108-farmers-leaning-on-each-others-tools-winnower.jpg\" alt=\"Connecticut farmers standing in front of a winnower, built by Dina Brewster, which she has made available for nearby farmers to share. (Photo courtesy of Dina Brewster, Hickories Farm.)\"><\/a><div class=\"post-caption\"><p>Connecticut farmers standing in front of a winnower, built by Dina Brewster, which she has made available for nearby farmers to share. (Photo courtesy of Dina Brewster, Hickories Farm.)<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><div class=\"post-simple\">\n<p>\u201cI don\u2019t think [owning a farm business] would be possible if I didn\u2019t have a robust community to rely on and folks who I could borrow equipment from, or purchase it in common with,\u201d she said. \u201cIt helps me feel like the future I desire and see for myself is a possibility.\u201d<\/p>\n<h4>Slow Shift to Collective Tool-Sharing<\/h4>\n<\/div><div class=\"post-simple post-capital-letter\"><p> Despite these benefits, farm equipment collectives and sharing models are still few and far between in the U.S., especially compared to other countries. France has the most developed sharing system, which includes a network of over 12,000 agricultural equipment cooperatives, involving a third of all French farms. <\/p><\/div><div class=\"post-simple\">\n<p>These cooperatives have allowed farmers to share equipment and infrastructure, including compost facilities, and have been integral in helping a growing number of farmers there adopt agroecological practices. \u201cSince the 1980s, some <em>Coop\u00e9rative d&#8217;Utilisation de Mat\u00e9riel Agricole<\/em> (CUMAs) have taken initiatives that pertain to agroecology: purchases of specialized harvesting equipment necessary for more diversified farming systems,\u201d observed French scholars Veronique Lucas and Pierre Gasselin in a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fsufs.2022.862779\/full\">2022 article<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>There have been some recent efforts to support more robust farm equipment-sharing in the U.S. Earlier this year, California Assemblymember Steve Bennett introduced <a href=\"https:\/\/leginfo.legislature.ca.gov\/faces\/billVotesClient.xhtml?bill_id=202320240AB552\">a bill <\/a>aimed at funding regional equipment-sharing hubs for equipment needed for soil health and conservation practices, as well as storage and processing. It also would have provided training for farmers on how to design their own equipment cooperatives. The bill passed in both the Senate and House last spring, but it was vetoed by the governor due to budget concerns.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cIt just makes sense to have it be a piece of equipment that gets rotated around and shared,\u201d Assemblymember Bennett told Civil Eats. And while he\u2019s not ready to commit to introducing the bill again next year, he\u2019s considering it.<\/p>\n<p>Faith Gilbert, the author of a popular guide on <a href=\"https:\/\/projects.sare.org\/project-reports\/fne16-844\/\">tool-sharing<\/a>, attributes the slow uptake in the U.S. to the effort it takes to organize. \u201cFew of us have time to go organize a whole new program in order to save $3,000 to $5,000 annually,\u201d she said. And while sharing farm equipment can chip away at the high costs of farming, she notes that \u201cit&#8217;s not going to fundamentally shift the business model\u201d of most farms.<\/p>\n<p>Still, she acknowledges, most small-scale farms work with small margins, and any boost to the bottom line can make a difference.<\/p>\n<div class='ctx-module-container ctx_default_placement ctx-clearfix'><\/div><span class=\"ctx-article-root\"><!-- --><\/span>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>As California has lost much of its grain to higher value crops, small flour mills and grain cleaning businesses have disappeared, too. It\u2019s a symptom of what Gonzales-Siemens sees as a larger problem facing many farmers, awash in a marketplace dominated by highly concentrated operations as regional farm infrastructure atrophies. This specialized, often professionally operated [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1028,"featured_media":54863,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[4479,12433],"tags":[],"coauthors":[11198],"class_list":["post-54654","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-farming","category-regenerative-agriculture"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v25.6 (Yoast SEO v25.6) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>The Farmers Leaning On Each Other&#039;s Tools | The Farm Collective That\u2019s Rebuilding the Rural Sharing Economy<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"The cost of specialized farm equipment is one of the biggest barriers for small-scale and beginning farmers. 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