{"id":59111,"date":"2024-11-18T01:00:17","date_gmt":"2024-11-18T09:00:17","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/civileats.com\/?p=59111"},"modified":"2024-11-19T10:11:39","modified_gmt":"2024-11-19T18:11:39","slug":"fighting-the-corporate-cafo-takeover-of-rural-america","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/civileats.com\/2024\/11\/18\/fighting-the-corporate-cafo-takeover-of-rural-america\/","title":{"rendered":"Fighting the Corporate CAFO \u2018Takeover\u2019 of Rural&nbsp;America"},"content":{"rendered":"<\/div><div class=\"post-simple post-capital-letter\"><p> In 2014, Lowell and Evelyn Trom learned that a farmer wanted to build a concentrated animal feeding operation (CAFO) across the road from their family farm in Blooming Prairie, Minnesota. By then, there were already 10 CAFOs within a 3-mile radius of their 760-acre farm, so they knew the stench the facility would bring.<\/p><\/div><div class=\"post-simple\">\n<p>The proposed CAFO would hold 2,400 pigs and produce as much manure equivalent as a town of nearly 7,000 people. \u201cEnough,\u201d Lowell said, \u201cis enough.\u201d The couple sued, assisted by their daughter, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.sonjatromeayrs.com\/\">Sonja Trom Eayrs<\/a>, a Minneapolis family law attorney who felt a deep sense of responsibility to help her elderly parents. Their legal battle took three years, and by the time they lost, nothing had changed\u2014except a county ordinance had been created that made it easier to greenlight even more CAFOs. The CAFO they fought was built and is still operating across the road from their farm today.<\/p>\n<p>The battle inspired Trom Eayrs to become a rural activist and help other communities fight what she calls a CAFO \u201ctakeover\u201d of the Midwest. And it prompted her to write a book about her late parents\u2019 experiences: <em><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nebraskapress.unl.edu\/bison-books\/9781496234995\">Dodge County, Incorporated: Big Ag and the Undoing of Rural America<\/a>, <\/em>published on November 1.<\/p>\n<div class=\"post-quote\"><p>\u201cIt tears at the fabric that traditionally tied people together. The days of being a good neighbor and helping one another are gone. The factory farm fights have been so divisive, pitting neighbor against neighbor.\u201d<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>In the book, Trom Eayrs argues that rural America is transforming into a corporate entity, one CAFO at a time. Since 1990, the number of U.S. hog farms has shrunk by more than <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ers.usda.gov\/topics\/animal-products\/hogs-pork\/sector-at-a-glance\/\">70 percent<\/a> while individual farms have gotten bigger.<\/p>\n<p>Trom Eayrs writes about the \u201cBig Pig Pyramid,\u201d a three-tiered, vertical integration model in which multinational meatpacking conglomerates sit at the top, followed by &#8220;integrators&#8221; in the middle tier that own the hogs and provide feed and veterinary services. At the bottom are the contract growers\u2014a mix of fellow farmers or farmers from out of state\u2014who raise the pigs in CAFOs, sometimes with the help of immigrant workers.<\/p>\n<p>Besides causing <a href=\"https:\/\/civileats.com\/2015\/01\/30\/environmental-groups-to-epa-curb-factory-farm-air-pollution\/\">air<\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/civileats.com\/2023\/04\/11\/momentum-builds-to-regulate-water-pollution-from-cafos\/\">water pollution<\/a>, CAFOS can harm communities in other ways, Trom Eayres says. If you\u2019re near a CAFO, being outside can be risky: Once, when her dad was harvesting the last of the corn, the CAFO across the road spread its manure on fields surrounding the Trom farm, and she says her dad became so dizzy he had to get off the combine to vomit.<\/p>\n<p>Neighbors end up with an eroded quality of life, trapped inside their houses by the stench and dangerous emissions, she writes. And she describes how battles over CAFOs have led to what she characterizes as intimidation and suspicion, stifling those who would speak out against the feeding operations and creating a chilling effect in towns where mutual respect was once the norm.<\/p>\n<\/div><div class=\"post-image-caption align-center\"><a href=\"https:\/\/civileats.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/20241118-dodge-county-inc-lowell-evelyn-trom-alex-kolyer.jpg\" rel=\"lightbox\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/civileats.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/20241118-dodge-county-inc-lowell-evelyn-trom-alex-kolyer.jpg\" alt=\"Evelyn and Lowell Trom. (Photo credit: Alex Kolyer)\"><\/a><div class=\"post-caption\"><p>Evelyn and Lowell Trom. (Photo credit: Alex Kolyer)<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><div class=\"post-simple\">\n<p>Using her hometown and family as the backdrop, Trom Eayrs details the influence of corporate interests and the <a href=\"https:\/\/insideclimatenews.org\/news\/24102018\/farm-bureau-climate-change-denial-farmers-crop-insurance-subsidies-drought-future-at-risk\/\">Farm Bureau<\/a> at all levels of government. For example, she describes how the agricultural industry backed state <a href=\"https:\/\/civileats.com\/2014\/07\/17\/10-reasons-to-oppose-right-to-farm-amendments\/\">Right to Farm laws<\/a> that limit residents\u2019 ability to file nuisance actions against CAFOs once they\u2019re up and running. The Farm Bureau and allied industrial agriculture interests wield incredible influence in Washington, D.C., regardless of who is in power. Trump is now vowing to eliminate corporate influence within federal food and agriculture agencies, but during his last administration, that influence <a class=\"c-link\" href=\"https:\/\/civileats.com\/2020\/11\/02\/how-four-years-of-trump-reshaped-food-and-farming\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" data-stringify-link=\"https:\/\/civileats.com\/2020\/11\/02\/how-four-years-of-trump-reshaped-food-and-farming\/\" data-sk=\"tooltip_parent\">increased significantly<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>Civil Eats recently spoke to Trom Eayrs about her family\u2019s battle against CAFOs, the ways these facilities hurt rural areas, and how communities are fighting back.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Could you describe the social impacts that communities face once these operations arrive<\/strong><strong>? <\/strong><\/p>\n<p>I don&#8217;t think people realize how destructive the CAFO system is to rural communities. It tears at the fabric that traditionally tied people together. The days of being a good neighbor and helping one another are gone. The factory farm fights have been so divisive, pitting neighbor against neighbor. Eventually, we will learn that we need one another.<\/p>\n<p>My family has faced harassment and intimidation for years. I&#8217;ve had to file several complaints with the Dodge County sheriff&#8217;s office and ask for extra patrols near our farm. Constant garbage [being dumped on our property], harassing telephone calls to my father in the middle of the night. One day, my brother and I were pulling weeds from the bean field, and a couple hours later, the stop sign maybe 100 to 200 feet away was sprayed with bullets.<\/p>\n<p>I&#8217;m in a unique position because I don&#8217;t live in my home community. I don&#8217;t go to church there, and my children never went to school there, so I don&#8217;t have to see these people on a daily or weekly basis. But people [who live] in these small rural communities feel this tension.<\/p>\n<p>For me, [the harassment] is confirmation to keep going. Don&#8217;t let them intimidate you. Keep digging for information. I know their playbook.<\/p>\n<p><strong>How would you describe the CAFO industry playbook<\/strong><strong>? <\/strong><\/p>\n<p>It follows the classic teachings of Sun Tzu&#8217;s <em><a href=\"https:\/\/www.barnesandnoble.com\/w\/the-art-of-war-sun-tzu\/1126864424\">The Art of War<\/a><\/em>, which is included in the curriculum in many business schools.<\/p>\n<p>The corporate state has had its eyes on rural areas for years, adopting Right to Farm laws\u2014which I frequently refer to as &#8220;Right to Harm&#8221; laws\u2014placing the [agricultural] industry in a power position over farm families who have lived on the land for generations.<\/p>\n<p>In repeated CAFO fights, the industry employs the classic sneak attack, laying plans weeks, months, and years ahead of construction. The multi-step process of siting, permitting, and construction occurs in secret, and neighbors are alerted at the last possible moment.<\/p>\n<p>The industry sugarcoats the true\u00a0impact of CAFOs on the environment, neighbors, and community. They dismiss the seriousness of the dangerous air emissions and often refer to it as the smell of money. Then why was my father vomiting?<\/p>\n<\/div><div class=\"post-image-caption align-center\"><a href=\"https:\/\/civileats.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/20241118-dodge-county-inc-cafo-across-the-road-photo-credit-laurie-schneider.jpg\" rel=\"lightbox\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/civileats.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/20241118-dodge-county-inc-cafo-across-the-road-photo-credit-laurie-schneider.jpg\" alt=\"This CAFO, located across the road from the Trom family farm, sparked multiple lawsuits. (Photo credit: Laurie Schneider)\"><\/a><div class=\"post-caption\"><p>This CAFO, located across the road from the Trom family farm, sparked multiple lawsuits. (Photo credit: Laurie Schneider)<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><div class=\"post-simple\">\n<p>It has created propaganda and indoctrination materials, including children&#8217;s coloring books. For example, I picked up a coloring book at the Minnesota State Fair that was produced by the National Pork Board and the Minnesota Pork Board. It&#8217;s another effort by the industry to polish its image.<\/p>\n<p>Industry insiders repeatedly use harassment and intimidation tactics to silence opposition, including menacing phone calls threatening local businesses that oppose their plans. I also know of residents whose livelihoods were threatened when they showed support for laws that would limit the construction of CAFOs.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Although you wrote that \u201cdefeat was all but certain,\u201d your family still decided to fight the CAFO across the road. Why? <\/strong><\/p>\n<p>My dad was a warrior. He would always say, \u201cAll we did was fight that goddamn Farm Bureau.\u201d He was repeatedly asked to join the Farm Bureau, but he always declined. Other people wouldn&#8217;t take up the fight. They just allowed the big boys to roll right over them. My dad was sharp as a tack: He understood the seriousness of what was going on, and he could see the big picture.<\/p>\n<p>Toward the end of his life, it started to take a toll on him, and I recall him saying, \u201cI&#8217;m tired of being the goat.\u201d In other words, he was tired of being the object of ridicule in the local community. I purposely went to church with my dad. I could see that he was essentially persona non grata in my home community. People wouldn&#8217;t speak to him.<\/p>\n<p>These large industrial operations [still] impact my family and the daily use and enjoyment of our farm. The choking stench coats your nose and throat, and you have to immediately retreat indoors.\u00a0I have a large family, and our farm has served as the central\u00a0gathering destination for many gatherings\u00a0over the years. [Now, there are] no more family reunions. No more picnics. No more weddings and wedding receptions.<\/p>\n<p><strong>What are the most effective tools rural residents can use to fight CAFOs in their communities?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Number one, education. People need to understand the big picture, that rural America is slowly, methodically, being corporatized, and that the industry is very good at operating under the radar. The corporations derive their strength in two ways. They&#8217;ve got market control, and they use their political ties and connections to force their corporate agenda onto the American public. They have a combination of market power and political power, and they will do anything to stay in power.<\/p>\n<p>Number two, organization. Go door to door, talk to your neighbors. Reach out to state or national organizations for assistance. At the end of the day, it&#8217;s really a fight between community and corporations, which is why I call the book <em>Dodge County, Incorporated<\/em>: I want to drive home the fact that corporate governance has found its way into local governance. That&#8217;s happening at every level\u2014at the township level, the county level, the state level, and the national level.<\/p>\n<div class=\"post-image-caption align-right\"><a href=\"https:\/\/civileats.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/20241118-dodge-county-inc-democracy-in-Action-protest-ripley-dairy.jpg\" rel=\"lightbox\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/civileats.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/20241118-dodge-county-inc-democracy-in-Action-protest-ripley-dairy.jpg\" alt=\"Trom says the citizens' protests against the Ripley Dairy were successful because the community worked collaboratively and with the Land Stewardship Project. (Photo courtesy of the Land Stewardship Project)\"><\/a><div class=\"post-caption\"><p>Dodge County citizens, joined by the Land Stewardship Project, are shown protesting the proposed Ripley Dairy on the county road bordering the Trom family farm. (Photo courtesy of the Land Stewardship Project)<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<p>In my book, I talk about the [successful] battle against the Ripley Dairy, which was going to be three or four miles north of our farm over 20 years ago. That fight, a citizen\u2019s effort that included members of my family, went on for three or four years. That was successful because the neighbors worked cooperatively and with the assistance of the <a href=\"https:\/\/landstewardshipproject.org\/\">Land Stewardship Project<\/a>, which had experience in these fights. They were a critical partner. It was an effective and organized protest.<\/p>\n<p>There&#8217;s a group in western Wisconsin that has done phenomenal work. They had a bipartisan group in six towns and were able to adopt planning and zoning at the local level to <a href=\"https:\/\/www.wisfarmer.com\/story\/news\/2023\/07\/07\/officials-in-the-remaining-towns-with-livestock-regulations-wonder-whether-they-too-are-in-legal-cro\/70387371007\/\">limit the proliferation<\/a> of CAFOs.<\/p>\n<p><strong>You write in the book that \u201cthis journey of heartache and sadness has turned to hope and determination to fight for Big Ag reform.\u201d What did you mean by that? <\/strong><\/p>\n<p>When factory farm sites come up [in their towns], people feel very isolated. They don&#8217;t know where to turn for help. They don&#8217;t understand the enormity of the issue.<\/p>\n<p>But for me, in the last 10 years, I started making connections with folks all over the Midwest and a number of different organizations like <a href=\"https:\/\/farmaction.us\/\">Farm Action<\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/www.foodandwaterwatch.org\/\">Food &amp; Water Watch<\/a> and realized that we were not alone. That&#8217;s empowering.<\/p>\n<p><strong>What do you hope your book will achieve?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>People in these rural communities have a trail of abandoned schools and abandoned churches, and they are going to realize that they&#8217;ve been played, they&#8217;ve been rolled over by the big multinationals. I think [this book] is going to be eye-opening for some of these folks.<\/p>\n<p>I&#8217;m hoping that the book will provide some historical context and a deeper level of understanding, and then help people understand what they can do in their own communities to move forward.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Not everyone lives near a CAFO. What can they do to help fight the \u201cCAFO takeover\u201d<\/strong><strong>? <\/strong><\/p>\n<p>People need to be mindful of what they&#8217;re eating. What&#8217;s the source? Did this come from a corporate factory farm, or is it from a local, independent farmer who lovingly raised this animal?<\/p>\n<p>Also, it&#8217;s not enough for people to sign a petition to fight a CAFO. We need to educate politicians. We need to roll back these Right to Farm laws that are designed to benefit corporations. And that&#8217;s going to take [effort from] everyone.<\/p>\n<p><em>This interview, conducted via phone and email, was edited for length and clarity. This article has been updated to clarify CAFO ownership and workforce structures.<\/em><\/p>\n<div class='ctx-module-container ctx_default_placement ctx-clearfix'><\/div><span class=\"ctx-article-root\"><!-- --><\/span>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The proposed CAFO would hold 2,400 pigs and produce as much manure equivalent as a town of nearly 7,000 people. \u201cEnough,\u201d Lowell said, \u201cis enough.\u201d The couple sued, assisted by their daughter, Sonja Trom Eayrs, a Minneapolis family law attorney who felt a deep sense of responsibility to help her elderly parents. Their legal battle [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1146,"featured_media":59115,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[3256,8131,4368],"tags":[],"coauthors":[43194],"class_list":["post-59111","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-animal-welfare","category-books","category-business"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v25.6 (Yoast SEO v25.6) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Fighting the Corporate CAFO \u2018Takeover\u2019 of Rural America | Civil Eats<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"In a new book, Sonja Trom Eayrs chronicles her family\u2019s battle against factory hog farms in Minnesota.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" 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